During my traineeship as a restorer at the LVR Landesmuseum in Bonn (then still Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn, in short: “RLMB”) I was given the unusual task of making a cast of a Roman (Bacchus- to make a figure.
The copy obtained in this way should then be used to produce replicas of the Bacchus figure, which can be marketed in the RLMB museum shop.
I first made a silicone mold from the original and then based on that template made a resin copy of the small Roman statuette. This synthetic resin mold then served as a template for the reproductions.
While the new Bacchus replicas are still on sale in the RLMB museum shop today, a replica (picture above right) was made a souvenir to my studio and good old Bacchus (picture above left) back to his Roman friends in the display case of the Bonn Museum's permanent exhibition. 😉
On the molding of museum objects
The molding of museum objects is a tried and tested technique for preserving, reproducing or facilitating scientific research of valuable or fragile art and cultural assets. This involves creating exact copies of an object that reproduce the original as precisely as possible in terms of material and detail. This method plays a central role in the conservation and communication of cultural heritage, as it not only supports the protection of the originals, but also increases their accessibility and dissemination.
The process of molding begins with the careful selection of the object to be reproduced and the appropriate molding technique. Commonly used methods are silicone, plaster or wax molding, depending on the nature and sensitivity of the original. Silicone, for example, is particularly suitable for delicate and detailed surfaces because it has high elasticity and can capture the smallest structures. Plaster is traditionally used for sculptural works of art or architectural elements, while wax is often used for scientific studies or anatomical models. Modern technologies such as 3D scanning and printing now offer digital alternatives that are non-invasive and avoid direct contact with the object.
Casting serves various purposes. A central aspect is conservation. Particularly in the case of endangered or fragile objects, casts can document and preserve the condition of the original. In the event of damage or loss, they enable the object to be reconstructed. Casts can also be used as a replacement for originals in exhibitions, particularly when the originals cannot be shown permanently due to sensitivity to light, temperature or humidity. On the one hand, this ensures the protection of the originals and, on the other hand, makes the contents of the collections accessible to a wider audience.
Another important aspect is scientific research. Casts allow detailed analysis without endangering the original. This is particularly important for archaeological finds, where examination of the surface can provide important information about manufacturing techniques, signs of use or historical contexts. At the same time, the reproduction of objects facilitates exchange between museums, research institutions and universities, which promotes collaboration and the study of cultural-historical artifacts.
Casts also play a crucial role in art education and pedagogy. Replicas allow visitors to view works of art up close or even touch them, promoting access to cultural heritage and enabling an interactive learning experience. In this context, casts are often used in workshops, educational programs or accessible exhibitions to address different target groups.
Although molding offers numerous advantages, it is not without its challenges. Direct contact with the original always carries a certain amount of risk, which is why the utmost care and expertise are required. In addition, it is crucial to consider ethical and legal aspects, especially when molding objects with sensitive cultural significance.
Museum casting remains an essential method for preserving the past while finding ways to share it in new and innovative ways. It combines art, science and technology to keep cultural heritage accessible and alive for future generations.
Interesting Facts about Bacchus
Bacchus, the Roman god of wine, intoxication and fertility, is a fascinating figure of ancient mythology that is still deeply rooted in art, literature and culture today. The figure of Bacchus originally goes back to the Greek god Dionysos whose cult reached Rome and was adapted there. Bacchus embodies the joy of life, ecstatic devotion and the connection to nature, and is often seen as a symbol of abundance and vitality.
The representation of Bacchus in mythology is closely linked to festivities and the grape harvest. He is often depicted with vines, a drinking vessel or a thyrsus, a staff wrapped in vine leaves and ivy, a symbol of his power. His entourage, consisting of satyrs, Silenen and Maenads, often accompanies him in wild, ecstatic dances that reflect his fun-loving and untamed nature. These depictions emphasize Bacchus' connection to uncontrolled, creative energy, which can be both inspiring and destructive.
The worship of Bacchus played an important role in the religious and social life of the Romans. Bacchanalia, which were originally secret cults, were celebrated as festivals in his honor and stood for fertility, joy of life and spiritual renewal. These festivals were often characterized by a lively atmosphere that included music, dancing and the consumption of wine. At the same time, they were considered controversial because they not only symbolized joy and freedom, but also questioned the boundaries of the social order. Historical sources, such as the descriptions of the Roman historian Livius, report on political and moral conflicts that resulted from the spread of these cults.
However, Bacchus embodies more than just intoxication and revelry. He also symbolizes the transformative power that lies in both nature and the human spirit. The process of winemaking - from grape to fermentation to wine - was considered a miracle in ancient times, attributed to Bacchus. As such, he represented change and renewal, an idea that was particularly taken up in art and philosophy. In the Renaissance, Bacchus was seen as the muse of creativity, as the wine he represented was considered a source of inspiration.
In the visual arts, Bacchus was often depicted to symbolize themes such as ecstasy, decadence or the transience of life. Artists such as Caravaggio, and Titian created iconic works that show the god in a variety of facets, from a youthful, cheerful Bacchus to a thoughtful, mature god who reflects the ambivalence between pleasure and excess. These depictions illustrate how deeply connected Bacchus is to human nature and its contradictions.
Today, Bacchus is often seen as a symbol of pleasure and hedonism but his role in mythology and culture is more complex. He stands for joie de vivre, creativity and the power of renewal, but also for the challenge of finding the balance between moderation and excess. Bacchus remains a timeless figure who makes the tension between control and ecstasy, order and chaos tangible. His legacy lives on in festivals, art and in the symbol of wine, which has connected people for thousands of years.